80% of Americans have poor cardiovascular health -- here's what we can do about it
[July 7, 2022: Maggie Francis, American Heart Association]
About 80% of people in the U.S. have low to moderate cardiovascular health. (CREDIT: Creative Commons)
About 80% of people in the U.S. have low to moderate cardiovascular health based on the American Heart Association’s new Life’s Essential 8™ checklist according to a new study published today in Circulation, the Association’s flagship, peer-reviewed journal. Life’s Essential 8™, also published in Circulation, details the Association’s updated guidance to measure cardiovascular health, adding healthy sleep as essential for ideal heart and brain health.
The Life’s Essential 8™ metrics are incorporated into the Association’s My Life Check tool to determine a cardiovascular health score based on eight essential components for ideal heart and brain health: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep duration, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure. It is an updated algorithm from the scientifically proven Life’s Simple 7™, which did not include sleep heath.
Life’s Essential 8™ also updated some of the previous version’s metrics to be more sensitive to differences among groups of people.
American Heart Association’s new Life’s Essential 8™ checklist
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In adults, overall cardiovascular health is calculated for each individual by summing the scores for each of the 8 metrics together and dividing the total by 8, to provide a Life’s Essential 8™ score ranging from 0-100. Thus, the highest or healthiest cardiovascular health score possible is 100. Overall scores below 50 indicate “low” cardiovascular health, 50-79 is considered “moderate” and scores of 80 and above indicate “high” cardiovascular health.
According to this first study using Life’s Essential 8™ as the measure for cardiovascular health, among more than 23,400 U.S. adults and children free of cardiovascular disease, the overall cardiovascular health of the U.S. population is well below ideal, with 80% of adults scoring at a low or moderate level. Researchers evaluated health information from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys in 2013-2018 that included more than 13,500 adults (ages 20-79 years) and nearly 9,900 children (ages 2 to 19 years).
The analysis found:
Life’s Essential 8™ aligns with Life’s Simple 7™, however, it was more sensitive to differences in cardiovascular health among groups of people and individuals.
The average cardiovascular health score based on Life’s Essential 8™ was 64.7 for U.S. adults and 65.5 for U.S. children. The children’s average took into consideration age-based modifications for metrics in diet, physical activity and BMI for children ages 2 through 19 years.
Only 0.45% of adults scored 100 on Life’s Essential 8™.
19.6% of U.S. adults had high cardiovascular health; 62.5% moderate; and 17.9% low.
Adult women had higher average cardiovascular health scores, of 67, compared to men, with a score of 62.5.
In general, U.S. adults scored lowest in the areas of diet, physical activity and BMI.
Cardiovascular health scores were generally lower at older ages.
Individuals who identify as Non-Hispanic Asian Americans had a higher average cardiovascular health score than other racial/ethnic groups. Non-Hispanic White individuals had the second highest average cardiovascular health score, followed, in order, by Hispanic (other than Mexican), Mexican, and Non-Hispanic Black individuals.
Children’s diet scores were low, at an average of 40.6.
Adult sociodemographic groups varied notably in cardiovascular health scores for diet, nicotine exposure, blood glucose and blood pressure.
"These data represent the first look at the cardiovascular health of the U.S. population using the AHA's new Life’s Essential 8™ scoring algorithm,” said Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, M.D., Sc.M., FAHA, who led the study and is president of the American Heart Association, and chair of the department of preventive medicine at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago. “Overall, the cardiovascular health of the U.S. population is suboptimal, and we see important differences across age and sociodemographic groups. Analyses like this can help policy makers, communities, clinicians and the public to understand the opportunities to intervene to improve and maintain optimal cardiovascular health across the life course.”
What can we do about it?
According to UCI Health, here are seven ways you can strengthen your heart.
1. Get moving
Your heart is a muscle and, as with any muscle, exercise is what strengthens it. The first step is to determine your target heart rate, then find an activity you enjoy and can stick with for the long run.
2. Quit smoking
Quitting smoking is tough. But you know that it's important to quit, and one of the biggest reasons is that it's linked to heart disease. Here are some strategies to quit smoking and stay strong.
3. Lose weight
Losing weight is more than just diet and exercise. It's a personal journey that involves finding what you like and what works for you, says Dr. Bavani Nadeswaran. Read these long-term weight loss tips and see if any of them are something you can stick with.
4. Eat heart-healthy foods
Salmon and guacamole are loaded with healthy fats that are good for the heart.
Try salmon spread with vegetables for your next gathering ›
Heart-healthy guacamole also makes a great appetizer ›
Or how about some easy broiled salmon? ›
5. Don't forget the chocolate
The good news: chocolate and wine contribute to heart health. The bad news: only in moderation. Alcohol and cocoa (a key ingredient in chocolate) have antioxidants that have been shown to increase good cholesterol, lower bad cholesterol and improve blood clotting function. Cheers!
6. Don't overeat
Although this advice primarily applies during the holidays, when deaths from heart attacks spike thanks to copious amounts of food and temptation, it's valid year round.
Eating a lot of food at once leads to:
Blood shifting from the heart to the digestive system
Faster and irregular heart rhythms, which can lead to heart attack or heart failure
7. Don't stress
There are more than 1,400 biochemical responses to stress, including a rise in blood pressure and a faster heart rate. If you don't manage your stress, it can create more stress and trap you in a stress cycle.
For more science news stories check out our New Discoveries section at The Brighter Side of News.
Note: Materials provided above by American Heart Association. Content may be edited for style and length.
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